All research using public health data must gain NHS ethical approval, and approval from the Public Benefit and Privacy Panel. Who funds COPS? COPS is funded by Tommy’s charity (1060508; SC039280) and Public Health Scotland Sarah Stock is supported by Wellcome Trust (209560/Z/17/Z). EAVE II is funded by the Medical Research Council (MR/R008345/1) with the support of BREATHE - The Health Data Research Hub for Respiratory Health [MC_PC_19004], which is funded through the UK Research and Innovation Industrial Strategy Challenge Fund and delivered through Health Data Research UK. Additional support has been provided through the Scottish Government DG Health and Social Care. Who has approved COPS? The COPS study has been approved by the Public Benefit and Privacy Panel for Health and Social Care The study also has full ethical approval from the National Research Ethics Service Committee, South East Scotland 02 This article was published on 2024-09-24